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rs1229984 ADH1B

ADH1B*2 homozygous. Rapid alcohol to acetaldehyde conversion; protective against alcoholism. Very common in East Asian populations.

Curated · human-reviewed Trait · Risk / effect allele: T · dbSNP

What is rs1229984?

rs1229984 is a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the ADH1B gene (Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B). Each person carries two copies, one from each parent, so a result is reported as a pair of letters such as TT. The table below describes what studies associate with each genotype; the association is statistical, across populations, and is not a diagnosis.

What does each rs1229984 genotype mean?

GenotypeAssociationWhat the evidence saysConfidence
TTtypical / lowerADH1B*2 homozygous. Rapid alcohol to acetaldehyde conversion; protective against alcoholism. Very common in East Asian populations.90%
CT / TCtypical / lowerADH1B*2 carrier. Faster alcohol metabolism; reduced alcoholism risk.85%
CCtypical / lowerNormal alcohol dehydrogenase activity.88%

How common is the T allele of rs1229984?

Minor-allele frequency by population (gnomAD / 1000 Genomes):

European3.0%
East Asian72.0%
African2.0%
South Asian15.0%
Admixed American10.0%
Global20.0%

Which drugs have annotations for rs1229984?

PharmGKB clinical annotations (level 1A is the strongest evidence, 4 the weakest):

DrugAnnotation typeEvidence level
ethanolMetabolism/PK, Toxicity3
acetaldehydeMetabolism/PK, Toxicity3

Is rs1229984 on 23andMe and AncestryDNA chips?

Yes — it is genotyped directly on 23andMe V3, 23andMe V4, 23andMe V5, AncestryDNA V1, AncestryDNA V2. Orviva reads it from a raw-data export without imputation.

Sources

Genetic associations describe risk across populations, not a diagnosis for any one person. Most variants shift risk modestly and act alongside lifestyle, environment and other genes. Consumer DNA chips do not read every position and can be wrong at any single one. For general education only; talk to a clinician or genetic counsellor before acting on anything here, and never change a prescribed medicine without your prescriber.